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{"id":2365,"date":"2018-06-28T12:18:51","date_gmt":"2018-06-28T12:18:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zdenda.net\/?p=2365"},"modified":"2018-07-13T06:41:26","modified_gmt":"2018-07-13T06:41:26","slug":"kyjev-a-cernobyl-2018","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zdenda.net\/kyjev-a-cernobyl-2018\/","title":{"rendered":"Kyjev a \u010cernobyl 2018"},"content":{"rendered":"

FOTOGALERIE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Nab\u00eddka levn\u00fdch letenek do Kyjeva m\u011b navnadila k n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b tohoto starobyl\u00e9ho slovansk\u00e9ho m\u011bsta le\u017e\u00edc\u00edho na Dn\u011bpru. Kdy\u017e u\u017e je \u010dlov\u011bk v Kyjev\u011b, pak si vylo\u017een\u011b \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 o n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu neslavn\u011b proslul\u00fd \u010cernobyl. Ale p\u011bkn\u011b popo\u0159\u00e1dku.<\/p>\n

Cestov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011b v\u017edy nut\u00ed nastudovat si dop\u0159edu aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed re\u00e1lie i stru\u010dnou historii nav\u0161t\u011bvovan\u00e9ho m\u00edsta a v\u00fdlet pak pro m\u011b b\u00fdv\u00e1 hlub\u0161\u00ed a zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Ubytov\u00e1n\u00ed jsem zvolil stylov\u011b v hotelu \u041a\u0438\u0457\u0432 necel\u00fd kilometr od Majdanu, co\u017e je kyjevsk\u00e9 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed (jako V\u00e1clav\u00e1k v Praze). Koncem roku 2013 se zde odehr\u00e1valy ob\u010dansk\u00e9 protesty Euromaidan proti vl\u00e1d\u011b, kter\u00e1 odm\u00edtla asocia\u010dn\u00ed dohody s EU. \u0158et\u011bzec n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed p\u0159es zabr\u00e1n\u00ed Krymu Ruskem a snahou o odtr\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdchodn\u00edch oblast\u00ed nem\u00e1 konce dodnes. Hmatateln\u00fdm odkazem jsou stovky fotografi\u00ed ob\u011bt\u00ed nepokoj\u016f, kter\u00e9 lemuj\u00ed v\u00fdchodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st Majdanu.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Nav\u0161t\u00edvil jsem kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 kyjevsk\u00e9 kostely, kyjevskope\u010derskou l\u00e1vru – rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd kl\u00e1\u0161ter, muzeum miniatur, kdy jsem si opr\u00e1\u0161il vzpom\u00ednku na legend\u00e1rn\u00ed film \u201cJ\u00e1chyme, ho\u010f ho do stroje\u201d a japonsk\u00e9ho miniaturistu Uko Je\u0161itu, stometrovou sochu Matku Vlast, pam\u00e1tn\u00edk ukrajinsk\u00fdch hladomor\u016f\u2026 Hladomory na Ukrajin\u011b jsou v\u016fbec samotnou kapitolou. P\u0159i tom nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm z nich v letech 1932-33 zem\u0159ely 3 miliony lid\u00ed a p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou byla Stalinova politika n\u00e1siln\u00e9 kolektivizace. To byl jeden z d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d \u010d\u00e1st Ukrajinc\u016f pova\u017eovala Hitlera v roce 1941 p\u0159i obsazov\u00e1n\u00ed zem\u011b za osvoboditele. Dopravu zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed jako v\u0161ude v postsov\u011btsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch mar\u0161rutky a metro, kter\u00e9 je stejn\u00e9 jako v Praze (\u017eeton na jednu j\u00edzdu stoj\u00ed 5 K\u010d).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>P\u0159i hled\u00e1n\u00ed hospody m\u011b zaujalo, \u017ee v samotn\u00e9m centru nen\u00ed probl\u00e9m slu\u0161nou knajpu naj\u00edt, ale kousek d\u00e1l od centra je probl\u00e9m zal\u00edt hrdlo i v tot\u00e1ln\u00edm pajzlu. Prost\u011b m\u00edstn\u00ed maj\u00ed hodn\u011b hluboko do kapsy a n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva restaura\u010dn\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nen\u00ed pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho b\u011b\u017enou z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed. To se odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v mno\u017estv\u00ed hospod. Dal\u0161\u00ed post\u0159eh – kvalitn\u00ed hospody jsou z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti gruz\u00ednsk\u00e9, tak\u017ee jsem si pochutnal na khachapuri a chinkali. Pivo vesm\u011bs p\u0159\u00ed\u0161ern\u00e9, \u010depovan\u00e9 \u010dochtany s p\u011bnou, co vydr\u017e\u00ed prvn\u00ed dva loky, bez \u0159\u00edzu, zkr\u00e1tka \u010desk\u00fd pivn\u00ed standard je n\u011bkde \u00fapln\u011b jinde. Vodka naopak kvalitn\u00ed. V\u0161e samoz\u0159ejm\u011b pro n\u00e1s velice levn\u00e9. Ve\u010de\u0159e v dobr\u00e9 restauraci na Majdanu s pivem zhruba 100-120 K\u010d. V l\u00e9t\u011b mus\u00ed b\u00fdt par\u00e1dn\u00ed relax na pl\u00e1\u017ei u Dn\u011bpru, kde jsou v sezon\u011b kiosky s ob\u010derstven\u00edm. Na konci b\u0159ezna zde nejsou ani kiosky, ani kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 Ukrajinky v bikin\u00e1ch, ale j\u00e1 jsem se p\u0159esto v ledov\u00e9 \u0159ece vykoupal.<\/p>\n

Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd plat na Ukrajin\u011b je 4000-5000 K\u010d, ceny jsou ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u n\u00e1s, ale p\u011btkr\u00e1t ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed rozhodn\u011b ne. V p\u0159epo\u010dtu na paritu kupn\u00ed s\u00edly (zohledn\u011bn\u00ed cenov\u00e9 hladiny) vych\u00e1z\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 mzda v \u010cR na 1900 $ a na Ukrajin\u011b 900 $. Va\u017eme si toho, kde \u017eijeme a jak si \u017eijeme. I kdy\u017e se n\u00e1m chce kolikr\u00e1t nad\u00e1vat na pom\u011bry, po\u0159\u00e1d se m\u00e1me velice dob\u0159e.<\/p>\n

\"\"P\u0159\u00edmo z centra Kyjeva je mo\u017enost jet na v\u00fdlet do \u010cernobylu – m\u00edsto jadern\u00e9 hav\u00e1rie m\u00edstn\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny v dubnu 1986 vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 130 km severn\u011b od hlavn\u00edho ukrajinsk\u00e9ho m\u011bsta. Kolem elektr\u00e1rny je 30ti kilometrov\u00e1 z\u00f3na, do kter\u00e9 je vstup pouze na povolen\u00ed. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b \u017eije v z\u00f3n\u011b p\u00e1r des\u00edtek lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed se sem vr\u00e1tili dom\u016f, i kdy\u017e to \u00fa\u0159ady nedoporu\u010duj\u00ed ale toleruj\u00ed. Vedle nich se tu po t\u00fddnu st\u0159\u00eddaj\u00ed pracovn\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed na starosti spr\u00e1vu z\u00f3ny a hlavn\u011b zakonzervovan\u00e9ho reaktoru \u010dtvrt\u00e9ho bloku jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny, kter\u00fd havaroval p\u0159ed 32 lety. V z\u00f3n\u011b jsou m\u00edsta, kde je zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 radiokativita a dosimetr sem tam zb\u011bsile p\u00edp\u00e1. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ru maj\u00ed vesni\u010dky, kter\u00e9 musely b\u00fdt opu\u0161t\u011bny sv\u00fdmi obyvateli ze dne na den t\u0159i dny po hav\u00e1rii, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pak m\u011bsto Pripja\u0165, kde v dob\u011b v\u00fdbuchu bydlelo 50 tis\u00edc obyvatel. Okol\u00ed reaktoru je m\u00edstem \u010dil\u00e9ho pracovn\u00edho ruchu, \u00fadr\u017ebu sarkof\u00e1gu zaji\u0161tuj\u00ed lid\u00e9 z cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta (hlavn\u011b Kana\u010fan\u00e9, Francouzi a Ukrajinci). Po v\u00fdbuchu \u010dtvrt\u00e9ho bloku je\u0161t\u011b 14 let (do roku 2000) fungovaly prvn\u00ed t\u0159i bloky elektr\u00e1rny, p\u00e1t\u00fd a \u0161est\u00fd, kter\u00fd byl v roce 1986 t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed dokon\u010den\u00edm, ji\u017e do provozu spu\u0161t\u011bn nebyl. P\u00e1r kilometr\u016f od \u010cernobylu je je\u0161t\u011b jedna zaj\u00edmavost – kilometr dlouh\u00fd a 150 metr\u016f vysok\u00fd radar Duga, kter\u00fd byl nap\u00e1jen pr\u00e1v\u011b elektrickou energi\u00ed z \u010cernobylu a m\u011bl b\u00fdt v dob\u011b studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky \u201cokem\u201d na Z\u00e1pad. Dle pr\u016fvodkyn\u011b byl tento radar schopn\u00fd b\u011bhem dvou hodin od odstartov\u00e1n\u00ed nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 imperialistick\u00e9 raketov\u00e9 st\u0159ely vypo\u010d\u00edtat p\u0159esn\u00e9 m\u00edsto dopadu. Probl\u00e9m byl v tom, \u017ee st\u0159ela by dolet\u011bla na sv\u016fj c\u00edl za 20 minut.<\/p>\n

Ukrajina je ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b kr\u00e1sn\u00e1 zem\u011b. N\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva Kyjeva stoj\u00ed za to, \u010cernobyl je m\u00edsto k zamy\u0161len\u00ed a historie ukrajinsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1roda rad\u011bji snad neopakovateln\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek vy\u0161el v P\u011bn\u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9m Zpravodaji<\/a>.<\/p>\n

FOTOGALERIE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n